FLITTER AND GLITTER
Several interesting visual effects can be achieved by careful selection of the fuel and oxidizer for a spark-producing composition. A thorough review article discussing this topic in detail -- with numerous formulas - has been published.
Flitter refers to the large white sparks obtained from the burning of large aluminum flakes. These flakes burn continu- ously upon ejection from the flame, creating a beautiful white effect, and they are used in a variety of fireworks items.
Glitter is the term given to the effect produced by molten droplets which, upon ejection from the flame, ignite in air to produce a brilliant flash of light. A nitrate salt (KNO 3 is best) and sulfur or a sulfide compound appear to be essential for the glitter phenomenon to be achieved. It is likely that the low melting point (334°C) of potassium nitrate produces a liquid phase that is responsible, at least in part, for this effect. Several "glitter" formulas are given in Table 1. The ability of certain compositions containing magnesium or magnalium alloy to burn in a pulsing, "strobe light" manner is a novel phenomenon believed to involve two distinct reactions. A slow, "dark" process occurs until sufficient heat is generated to initiate a fast, light-emitting reaction. Dark and light reactions continue in an alternate manner, generating the strobe effect.
TABLE 1. Glitter Formulasa